2 10 China , theEUandLatinAmerica:CurrentIssuesandFutureCooperation SinoLatinAmericantradereached$100billionin2007 , whichrepresentsmore thanadoublingoftradebetweentheregionanditsnewAsianpartner ( CEPAL 2008:151ff. ) . IntherankingsofChinascumulativeforeigninvestmentLatinAmericahas reachedfifthplace , butonlythreeLatin Americancountriesareamongthe twelvelargestrecipients:Peruatseven ( notleastduetotheprioritygivento ironproduction ), Mexicoatnine ( largelytheconsequenceoftheconstructionof aChinesetextileplant ) andBrazilattwelve.Overthecomingyearsbillionsof dollarsofChineseinvestmentareexpectedtobedirectedintovariousraw materials sectors:copper ( ChileandPeru ), ironandsteel ( Brazil ), nickel ( Cuba ) and aluminium ( Jamaica ), aswellastheenergyresourcesofcrudeoilandnaturalgas.In termsofagriculturalproducts , Chinasforemostinterestsareinsoyabeansandin gainingaccesstoBrazilandArgentinaforChineseproducts ( CEPAL2008:152 ) . ThedominanceoftheChineseresourcesecuritystrategyhasbroughtwithit anadditionalincentivetorestructurethecorrespondingsectorsinthecountries ofLatinAmerica , atradenexusquitedifferentfromtheEuropeanone.Justas theexternaltradingentitiesfortheChinesesidearestateownedcompanies , the leading Latin American operatorsin the raw materials sectors are also increasinglycompaniesthathavereturnedtostateownership.Thatmeansthat jointventuresaregenerallybasedoncooperationbetweenstaterunenterprises , whichgivesthemadirectlypoliticalcharacter.Theoptionsforstatecontrolthat thisopensup , andconverselytheeconomicvulnerabilityinvolved , givethese venturesa directintergovernmentaldimension.The same appliesto the appropriationoftherespectivereturns.Thisisgristtothe millofdomestic clientelismandbilateraldiplomaticmachinations.Closelyassociatedwiththisis thequestionofthefuturedevelopmenttrajectoryofsuchcooperativeschemes , becauseoncethe “ Chinahype ” hasdieddown , theLatinAmericansidewillhave toachieveasubstantialdiversificationofexportproductsfortheChinesemarket ifitistoenjoyasecurefuture. Theverylimitedsuccesstodatein makingLatin Americaeconomically competitiveandthefactthatrentseekingisembeddedinthestructuresofthe state ( Boeckh2002 ) providessmallgroundsforhopeinthefuture.Whether SinoLatinAmericancooperationwilltakeonalongtermcharacterwillprobably dependdecisivelyontheextenttowhichLatinAmericasucceedsindiversifying theeconomicandpoliticalagendaandexpandingintofieldsoutsideraw material exports.If , however , itseffortsfail , itwillhave missedyetanotherrare opportunity , apreoccupationquiteprominentinEuropewithregardtoChinas activitiesintheregion.
Konferenzband
China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
Entstehung
Einzelbild herunterladen
verfügbare Breiten