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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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AFormatinSearchofSubstance AnOverviewofRelationsbetweentheEUandLatinAmericainaEuropeanPerspective 13 betweengovernmentsbutalsobetweencivilsocieties traditionallythemostactive playerswithregardtoEuropeanLatinAmericanunderstanding. 3.犈狌狉狅狆犲犪狀犐狀狋犲狉犲狊狋狊犪狀犱狋犺犲犇犲狊犻犵狀狅犳狋犺犲犚犲犾犪狋犻狅狀狊犺犻狆 Thestagnationofitsownintegrationprocessduetothestruggletoachieve consensusontheConstitutionalTreaty anessentialelementindeepeningthe CommonForeignandSecurityPolicy CFSP isaseriouslimitationonthe EuropeaninterestinexpandingthecooperationwithLatinAmerica.Secondly theEuropeanCommissionandEU memberstatesconsiderthatLatinAmerica andthe Caribbean nationsareinsufficiently activein developing acommon positionininternationalaffairs forexamplebyeffectivecoordinationoftheir foreignpoliciesoratleastbyattemptingtodefineacommonforeignpolicywith regardtotheEUinthecurrentandupcomingnegotiations.TheRioGrouphas notprovedtobetheforumforpoliticaldialoguethattheEUexpectedittobe. Ontheotherhand theEuropeansaretryingtopromotetheirmodelofeffective multilateralismasdefinedintheEuropeanSecurityDoctrine.Thisapproach however demandsfromtheEUspartners withregardtobiregionalrelations highlevelsof policycoordinationandtheabilitytocommitthemselvesininternationalconflicts. Theseareelements whichuptonow seem underdevelopedin Latin Americaand representamajorchallengeforthecountriesoftheregion.Nevertheless theEuropean Unioninsistsonmakingitsconceptofpoliticaldialoguebetweenregionalblocsthe centralmodalityofinterchangewithitsLatinAmericancounterparts. ThemajorproblemtheEuropean Unionisfacinginitspoliticaldialogue withtheLatinAmericanstatesisthelattersdifferentinterpretationoftheterm multilateralism :whiletheEuropeanstatesarelivingan effectivemultila teralism intheLatin Americanstatesasortof defensive multilateralism predominates whichmeansthatthereisalackofwilltotransfersovereigntyto superiorinstitutions such asinternationalorganisationsorregimes.The primaryconcernofmostLatin Americancountriesisstilltheguaranteeof nationalsovereignty.The European Union has not yetrecognised Latin Americandifficultieswithitsnewheterogeneityandregionalcohesion. Lastbutnotleast theEUisdiscoveringthatLatin Americahaslost importanceincomparisontootherworldregions afactorwhichreducesthe attractivenessofLatinAmericaasanessentialEUpartner. Concerningimplementationofitspoliticalinterests theEuropean Union facesaproblem ofdeficientcongruency withtheLatin Americansubregion. ThisisrevealedclearlybyarecentcommunicationoftheEuropeanCommission inwhichitstatesthat: