ChallengestoEUPoliciesonDevelopmentCooperationwithLatinAmerica 2 27 agreementandthe “ PlanPueblaPanam ” . ( 3 ) TheBraziliandecentralisedmodelofcooperationbasedonsemipublic actorsandfocusing on Africa and Asia , particularly Portuguesespeaking countries.Thisprogramme , whichservestheforeignpolicygoalsofBrazilas botharegionaland a globalplayer , includestechnicalassistancefrom the BrazilianCooperationAgency , preferentialloansfromtheNationalEconomicand SocialDevelopmentBank ( BNDES ) and HIV / Aidsdrugsprovidedbythe OsvaldoCruzFoundation ( Economist2010 ) . ( 4 ) The “ Bolivarianproject ” ofVenezuelaand Cuba ( Petrocaribeand ALBA ) isthemostextensiveprogrammeofSSCinLatinAmericaandopenly linkedtoforeign policygoals.Itrepresentsan SSCframework basedon ideologicalaffinity rather than economic complementarity and would be inconceivablewithoutVenezuelanoil.Therearesixareasofcooperation: ( a ) oil financing ( Petrocaribe );( b ) socialcooperation , includingCubandoctorsmissions , literacyandculturalinitiatives ;( c ) economiccooperationthroughjointventuresand thePeoples Trade Treaty ( TCP );( d ) aframeworktofosterbartertrade ; ( e ) infrastructureandcommunications ( TeleSurandtheCubaVenezuelasubmarine cable ); and ( f ) monetaryandfinancialcooperationviatheALBA Fundand Bank. 3.犜犺犲犈犝 , 狋犺犲犃狉犮犺犻狋犲犮狋狌狉犲狅犳犃犻犱犪狀犱犚犲犳狅狉犿狅犳犇犲狏犲犾狅狆犿犲狀狋犘狅犾犻犮狔 TheEUhastriedtodevelopacommondevelopmentstrategy , sharedbythe CommunityandtheMemberStatesalike , inaccordancewiththecoordinationand complementarity of EU development policy. The European Development Consensusof2005 , whichconfirmstheEUscommitmenttothe Millennium DevelopmentGoals ( MDGs ) andthe Romeand Paris Declarationson Aid Effectiveness , establishescommon objectives , definescommon prioritiesand reaffirmstheneedforadifferentiatedapproachto middleincomecountries ( MICs ) andlowincomecountries ( LICs ) .Itestablishesthefollowingninepriority areas: ( 1 ) tradeandregionalintegration ;( 2 ) theenvironmentandthesustainable managementofnaturalresources ; ( 3 ) infrastructure , communicationsand transport ;( 4 ) waterandenergy ;( 5 ) ruraldevelopment , territorialplanning , agricultureandfoodsecurity ;( 6 ) governance , democracy , humanrightsand supportforeconomicandinstitutionalreform ; ( 7 ) conflictprevention and fragilestates ; ( 8 ) human development ; and ( 9 ) socialcohesion and employment. TheEU , whichaccountsformorethanhalftheworldsOfficialDevelopment Assistance ( ODA ), hasspecificallycommitteditselftotheprinciplesofalignment ,
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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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