ChallengestoEUPoliciesonDevelopmentCooperationwithLatinAmerica 2 33 keyelementofbiregionalrelations , andtheEUsandits memberstates commitmenttotheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsshouldnotleadtoareduction inaidtotheregion , sincethatwouldhaveanegativeeffectonpovertyand inequalityreduction , theachievementofotherdevelopmentgoals , democratic governanceanditscontributiontotheprovisionofregionalandglobalpublic goods.Thisalso meansplayinganactiveroleinachievinganinternational consensusoncooperationwiththeMICs , asdescribedabove. ( 2 ) 犌狉犲犪狋犲狉犃犻犱犆狅狀犮犲狀狋狉犪狋犻狅狀犻狀犃狉犲犪狊犚犲犾犲狏犪狀狋狋狅狋犺犲犛狆犲犮犻犳犻犮犖犲犲犱狊狅犳 犕犐犆狊 :AccordingtotheEuropeanConsensusonDevelopment , theEU must continuetodirectresourcestowardstheregionslowincomeandlower MIC countries , particularlyintheAndeanareaandCentralAmerica , usingtoolssuch asbudgetsupportthroughnationaldevelopmentandpovertyreductionstrategies. Atthesametime , cooperationwithupperMICsshouldcontinuetofocusonareasin whichitcanbemosteffective , suchas:macroeconomicandinternationalfinancial stability ; institutionalcapacitybuildingand / orpolicydesign , inparticulartomake publicpolicy moreeffectiveandefficient ; taxreformsensuringsustainable redistributivepoliciesandinvestmentsinhumancapital ; policiesforimproving international competitiveness , particularly investment in infrastructure , research , developmentandinnovationsystems ( R + D + I ); andsupportfor socialstakeholderspromotingpolitical , institutionalandlegislativechangesat bothnationalandinternationallevel , andthose withthecapacityto mobilise additionalfunding , suchasmultilateralorsubregionalbanks. ( 3 ) 犐犿狆狉狅狏犻狀犵 犃犻犱 犈犳犳犲犮狋犻狏犲狀犲狊狊 :EU Leadership.Accordingtothe EuropeanConsensusonDevelopment , theEUandtheEuropeanCommissionin particularmusttaketheleadinapplyingtheParisDeclarationandinternational commitmentsonaideffectiveness , whichin Latin Americaareparticularly relevantforlowerMICsandLICs.Improvingcoordinationandcomplementarity withMemberStatesisparticularlyimportant , avoidingtheriskofoverlooking civilsocietystakeholders , whocontinuetoplayanimportantroleinnational developmentagendasanddemocraticgovernance. ( 4 ) 犓犲狔犚狅犾犲狅犳 犃狊狊狅犮犻犪狋犻狅狀 犃犵狉犲犲犿犲狀狋狊 :Whengeneratingdevelopment opportunitiesforMICs , associationagreementscanplayanevenmoreimportant rolethanaidtransfers , sincetheyensureaccesstoexternalmarkets , promote externalinvestmentandfosterinnovationandcompetitiveness.Iftheyareto playapositiveroleindevelopment , however , asymmetriesmustalsobeduly recognisedandthey mustbedesignedtodealwithadjustmentcostsandthe transformationofproductionpatterns , particularlyinthecaseofagreements withtheAndeanCommunityandCentralAmerica.
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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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