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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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TheEU LatinAmericaandChina:GeometricalPatternsinCurrentandFutureRelations 61 looksprettybutjusthangsthere withouttouchingtheground andpractices thattherelationshipseemstohaveareirrelevantfortheregionscountries. Moreover as with China buteven worse giventhe history ofthe relationship thereisadeeplackofunderstandingofhowtheEuropeanUnion worksandfunctions.LatinAmericanskeepthinkingofEuropeintermsofits individualstates especiallySpain.Spainhashadacontroversialroleinthis relationshipthathasbecomeevidentinthepastfewyears.Itiscertainlythe memberstatethathasinsistedmostthattheEuropeanUnionmaintainsstrong relationswithLatinAmerica.However ithasstartedtoactmoreasaproxyof theEuropean Unionthanasatrueambassador bridgeorwhateverother metaphoronemightchoose.Thishasbecomeparticularlyevidentontheissueof migration.ItistruethatSpainhasbeenthemaindestinationofmostLatin Americanflows.However whenevertheEuropeanUnionhaslaunchedcommon initiativesintherealm of migration policy suchastheinfamous Return Directive SpainhasfailedtoactastheUnionsrepresentativeand toprevent itsrelationswithLatin Americafromsuffering hasevendeclaredthatthe DirectivewouldnotapplyinSpain. Evenifforpoliticalreasonsthatcouldbeconsideredacceptable intermsof thefutureofEULACrelationsthisisaheavyblowtomutualunderstandingand thestrategicbiregionalassociationbased supposedly onpoliticaldialogueat thehighestlevel.Moreover ithaspreventedatruedialoguebetweenboth regionsonmigrationissuesthatcouldbetakentothemultilaterallevelonthe basisofgenuinelysharedinterests.Intheend itcallsintoquestiontheneedor therelevanceofthesocalledbiregionalstrategicassociation.Woulditbebetter tokeepdealingwiththeseissuesandothersofasimilarcharacterwithinthe IberoAmericanfora Overall then Spainishardlyrepresentativeofthecurrent EuropeanUnion whileLatin Americansaredeceivingthemselvesbytaking SpainspositionsandpoliciesasequivalenttothoseofEurope. 4.2 ChinaLatinAmerica ChinaspresenceinLatinAmericaisbothfeared intermsofitsstrengthas atradepower andneeded giventhatitisthesolesurvivoroftheinternational crisisactuallyabletoprovidemuchneededcashtoLatinAmericaneconomies thatarein direeconomicstraits such as Venezuela.The Chinese have establishedabridgeheadinLatinAmericaandtheywillnotwanttoleavefor quiteawhile.Theyhavecomewithaclearerunderstandingoftheregion vis visthecommonmisconceptionsofEuropeansandAmericans whostillwantto talkaboutasingleLatinAmerica.PerhapsChinasrelationswiththeregions