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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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EmpiricalAnalysis:TradebetweenMERCOSURandChina EU TrendsandFigures 79 cent ), semimanufactured 15percent and manufacturedproducts 38per cent .Thesenumbersarenearlythesameasin2003 50percent 13percent and36percent respectively .Interestingly asalsoobservedwithregardto Braziliantrade with China thereislittlediversificationintermsofexport compositionovertwodecades Aliceweb .ItshouldbenotedthatBrazilisthe thirdlargestagriculturalexporterintheworld andtheEU hasbeen and remains thetopdestinationforBrazilianagriexports ICONE2007:75 .At thesametime theEUcontinuestobeamajorconcernintradenegotiationssince BrazilregardsEuropeanagriculturalprotectionismasimproper. IncomparisontoBrazil theremainingMERCOSURmembershaveahigher concentrationofexportsintheagriculturalsector.In2007 agrirelatedproducts represented76percent 72percentand85percentofArgentinas Uruguays andParaguaysexportstotheEU respectively Eurostat .Takenasabloc MERCOSURsexportscomprisefoodproducts 35percent ), rawmaterials 26 percent andmachineryandtransportequipment 25percent .AsregardsEU exportstoMERCOSUR manufacturedgoodsarethemainrepresentativeitems 93percent ), withmachineryandchemicalsasthemainEUproducts. Insum mostofMERCOSURsexportstotheEUarebasicproducts with aconcentrationonagrirelateditems.Intheoppositedirection theEUexports mainlymachinery transportequipmentandchemicals. 4.3 CriticalAnalysis Overall Brazilis byfar themajorMERCOSURplayerintheMERCOSUREU traderelationship around75percentofexportsandimportsto fromtheEU Gambini2008 .TheMERCOSUREUtradebalancemakesthisevident notice forinstance theoverlappingofthetradesurpluscurves .Itshouldbenoted thatthe EU isalsothebiggestforeigninvestorin Brazil accordingtothe BrazilianCentralBank. Anotherinterestingfeatureofthisrelationshipisthattherehasbeenlittle diversificationintheproductcategoriesofMERCOSURsexports.Forinstance inthecaseofBrazilsexports acomparisonofthe1988and2008figures indicatesthefollowingcomposition:basicproducts 49percent 47percent ), semimanufactured 14percent 15percent andmanufacturedproducts 37per cent 38percent )( Aliceweb Finally itshouldbenotedthat in1995 MERCOSURandtheEUsigned theEUMERCOSURInterregionalFrameworkCooperation Agreement.The negotiations wereformallylaunchedinJune1999 andtariffand services negotiationsstartedinJuly2001.Marketoffersfrom bothsides including