TradingwithGiants:IsTradePolicywiththeEUandChinaBeneficialtoMERCOSUR? 2 83 socioeconomicdevelopmentpolicies.Atpresent , theprocesshasgroundtoahalt andnoagreementhadbeenreachedbythedateagreedfor2004.However , the learningcurveinitiatedinthiswayhasproveduseful. Withinthisframework and taking into accountthe abovementioned negotiationexperiencesandtheemergenceofChinaasaglobalplayer , itis importanttoanalysetheprospectsofincreasingtradewiththisother “ giant ” of theworldeconomy.Theobjectiveofthischapteristoreflectonthepotential opportunities and challenges of strengthened trade relationships between MERCOSUR , theEUandChina.Forsuchpurposes , inSection2ofthischapter themaincharacteristicsofMERCOSURarepresentedandthemostimportant restrictivefactors withregardtoreachingagreement withthe EU analysed. Furthermore , trading patternsareidentified and generallythe prospects of increasedtradewithChinaareexamined.Thechapterendswithsomegeneral reflectionson MERCOSURsnegotiatingexperienceswiththeEU , which may proveusefulforaneventualstrengtheningoftraderelationswithChina. 2.犕犈犚犆犗犛犝犚牶犕犪犻狀犆犺犪狉犪犮狋犲狉犻狊狋犻犮狊 MERCOSURisanintegrationprocessbetweenfourSouthAmericancountries withtheobjectiveofestablishingaCommonMarket.The1991TreatyofAsunción wasthelegalconstitutiveinstrumentforthecreationofMERCOSURandits mainobjectivesincluded:theintegrationofthefourmemberstatesthroughfree circulationofgoods , servicesandproductionfactors ; theestablishmentofa commonexternaltariff ; andtheadoptionofacommontradepolicytowardsthird parties ; thecoordination of macroeconomicandsectoralpolicies ; andthe harmonisationofthecountrieslegalframeworksinkeyareas. MERCOSURhasapopulationofabout247.4million , aGDPofUSD1 , 200 billionandanexportvolumeofapproximatelyUSD190billion ( 2006 ) .Thesize oftheterritories , theirpopulationsandtheparticipationofthefourmembersin theeconomicandcommercialactivitiesoftheblocshowlargeasymmetries. Brazilaccountsfor67percentofthetotalproductionoftheblocand80percent oftheinhabitants.Althoughthefoureconomiesinthegrouphavebeenclassified asmiddleincomepercapita , ArgentinahasaGNIpercapitaofUSD12 , 990 , UruguayofUSD11 , 040 , BrazilofUSD9 , 370andParaguayofUSD4 , 380 ( 2007 adjustedbyPPP ) . In2006 , MERCOSURexportedgoodsworthatotalofUSD190billion , whichrepresents1.6percentofworldgoodsexports.Nonregionalmarkets captured87percentoftheblocsexports ( threequartersbymid1990s ) .These marketshaveincreasedtheirparticipationinrecentyearssinceexportstothese
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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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