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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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12 China theEUandLatinAmerica:CurrentIssuesandFutureCooperation Shortlyaftertheoutbreakofthefinancialcrisis Braziland Argentina activatedalocalcurrencysettlementsystemintheirbilateraltradeinOctober 2008.Theyalsoplantoextendthesystem whichaimsateliminatingtheUS dollarasvehiclecurrency totherestofMERCOSUR therebyoffsettingimport limitsimposedbyanumberofcountriesthatlackUSdollarreserves. StartinginDecember2008 Chinasignedcurrencyswapagreementswiththe monetaryauthoritiesinSouth Korea Malaysia IndonesiaandBelarus the Chinamainlandalsosignedcurrencyswapagreementwith HongKong.On29 March2009 ChinasignedaRMB70billion USD10.25billion framework currencyswapagreementwith Argentina thefirstofitskind andalsothe largestfinancialdeal betweenChinaandaLatinAmericancountry.Bytheend ofMarch2009 currencyswapagreementsbetweenChinaandothercountriesor regionsamountedto RMB 650 billion about5 percentof Chinasforeign reserves Xinhuanet2009 Atpresent USdollarsarecommonlyusedininternationaltrade.Countries notonlysettletheirtradein USdollars butalsokeep USdollarsasforeign reserves.Thesubprimecrisisdealtablowtotheeconomyofcountrieswithlarge USdollarforeignreserves.InordertoensurefurthergrowthofSinoLatin Americaneconomicandtraderelations Chinaandits majorLatin American partnercountriesshouldstrengtheneffectivecooperationinthefinancialsector includingthenegotiationandsigningofcurrencyswapagreements. Duringthenewstageofgrowth Chinaand MERCOSURshouldtrytheir besttotapintothepotentialofservicetradeaswellastradeingoods.Service tradebetweenChinaandMERCOSURisnewbutexciting.Forexample large companiesfrom ChinaandBrazilhavejoinedhandsin metallurgy mining energy aviation aerospaceandfinance achievingsatisfactoryresults which indicatethehugepotentialofcooperation betweenthetwosidesin high technologyandservicetrade. Havingrelativelydevelopedeconomies BrazilandArgentinaenjoydistinct advantagesinautomobiles metallurgy minerals nuclearpower medicine finance insurance tourism educationandinvestment.Theyarewellplacedto intensifycooperationwithChinesecompaniesintheseareas. TheUnited NationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeandits KyotoProtocoldemandthatcountriesadheretotheprincipleofcommonbut differentiatedresponsibilities activelyimplementtheBaliRoadmaptalksand adopteffectivemeasurestomitigateclimatechangethatareinlinewiththeir particularcircumstances.Forest protection is an important part ofthe cooperationagainstclimatechange.In2007 ChinaproposedtheAsiaPacific