Konferenzband 
China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
Entstehung
Einzelbild herunterladen
 

34 China theEUandLatinAmerica:CurrentIssuesandFutureCooperation emergenceofnextgenerationenergyledcountries Yergin2006 Kennedy 1968 .Technologicalinnovationis ofkeyimportancein the energy power structure.Modelskislongcycletheory Kondratievslongwavetheoryand Schumpeterseconomiccycletheoryhaveallconfirmedthehistoricalcontribution oftechnologicalrevolutionsandinstitutionalinnovationtotheriseandfallof greatpowers Modelski1987 Kindleberger1973 .Theyallemphasisetheeffect of greattechnologicalbreakthroughs ontheworldeconomiccycle indicating thatthecycleowesitsrisetotechnologicalbreakthroughs which mainly happenedwithregardtoenergy suchaselectricity thesteamengineandthe internalcombustionengine.MichaelE.Porter inhisbook 犜犺犲犆狅犿狆犲狋犻狋犻狏犲 犃犱狏犪狀狋犪犵犲狅犳犖犪狋犻狅狀狊 explainedwhynationsshouldmakeaninnovationbased modelofcomparative advantages priorityin developing theircompetitive advantage Porter1990 Asthedebateoncollectiveactionagainstclimatechangehasheatedup Westerncountrieshavemonopolisedthefutureenergysystembasedonnewand alternativeenergy.PeterEvansoncepointedoutthateverymajorpowerthat cametodominatetheinternationalsystem hadsomeknowhow advantages Evans1985 .Fornow itseemsthatalowcarboneconomyandcleanenergy willultimatelydeterminethefutureofenergypowertransitions.Jonathanand otherscholarsrecognisethattheEUsenvironmentalpolicy gearedtoward boostingtheblocscompetitivenessandpromotingclimatenegotiations could alsoboostitscreativityandcompetitiveadvantage Golub1998 .In2007 the 犛狋犲狉狀犚犲狏犻犲狑犚犲狆狅狉狋狅狀狋犺犲犈犮狅狀狅犿犻犮狊狅犳犆犾犻犿犪狋犲犆犺犪狀犵犲犪狀犱狋犺犲犔狅狑犆犪狉犫狅狀 犈犮狅狀狅犿狔犚犲狆狅狉狋 bytheRoyalInstituteofInternationalAffairsbothconfirmed thattheEUpromotesclimatenegotiationsnotjustbecauseitisaforerunnerin thelowcarboneconomy butalsobecauseitwantstoachievedominancein globalgovernanceandlaythefoundationsforthefutureeconomy.SeniorUS politiciansPaula Dobriansky Richard Lee ArmitageandJoseph Nyeonce proposedthatUSinvolvementinclimatenegotiationsshouldenhancethenations smartpower andthecompetitivenessofitsindustry Foreign Relations Council2006 Westerncountriesalwaysusetherapidlygrowingcarbonemissionsinemerging economiesasa majorexplanation ofglobal warming. Nationalcompetitive advantagesareassociatedwithcarbonemissionsreductions.Forthosewhoadvocate climate diplomacy environmentalcapacity is an important part of states comprehensivenationalpower.JamesN.Rosenauusestheconceptofa balanceof payments insteadofa balanceofpower inglobalenvironmentalgovernance and arguesthatdevelopingcountriesshouldsharethecostsandresponsibilitiesofglobal