3 62 China , theEUandLatinAmerica:CurrentIssuesandFutureCooperation memberstatesgassupply ) .Similarly , thereisariskofalackofinvestmentin exploration , productionandtransportation , despitereservesbeingabundantly availableinareassurroundingEurope ( forexample , Mueller2007 ) . Currentenergy scenariosshow thatareduction ofdependency on gas throughanincreaseindomesticproductionorthroughenergysavingsisnot credible.Thesituationisdifferentwithregardtothediversificationofexporting countries.Europespositionintheworldmarketcouldbemorefavourabledepending onwhether Africanand MiddleEasternexportsgrow substantially , backedby significantvolumesofLiquefiedNaturalGas ( LNG ) .ThedevelopmentofLNGspot marketsisexpectedtoeasesomeconcernsaboutsecurityofsupply , especiallyin terms of pipeline diplomacy , due to its advantages of flexibility and diversification.Currently , about10percentofEuropesgasimportsareinthe form of LNG.Thissharecould roughly double by 2020. However , some drawbacksremain.BesidethefactthatLNGtechnologyissensitivetophysical threats , exportershavenotkeptup withincreasingfacilitiesinimporting countries , leadingtosomeregasificationterminalsstandingidle.Inaddition , the EUisexpectedtofacefiercecompetitionfromotherimportingcountries , suchas theUS ( Larsson2007 ) . AnothercriticalfactoristransportcapacitytowardsEurope , asitseems verylikelythatprojectedinfrastructure willnotbeableto meetexpected demand.Thisimpliestheneedtogainaccesstogasreserves , toopenup producing areastointernationalinvestmentand to devote attention to the stabilityof “ transitcountries ” .Severalinfrastructureprojectsarecurrently beingplannedintheEU , twoofwhichwillincreasethedependenceonRussian gasimports ( albeitreducingthetransitrisk ) andoneofwhich willdiversify importstowardstheCaspianregionandtheMiddleEast ( thatis , theNabucco pipelineproject ) .Itshouldbenotedthatcurrentgasinfrastructureprojects ( bothpipelinesand LNG ) willdeterminefuturegreenhousegasemissions becausetheylockEuropeintoacarbonintensiveenergypatternwhichisnotin linewiththetargetedgreenhousegasemissionstoavoiddangerousclimate change.Withalifetimeof2050years ( andbeyond ) newlybuiltgaspipelines willincrease Europesdependenceon gasfurther , rendering carbon neutral energysystemsby2050lesslikely. Inaddition , thefuturecarbonpricewillhaveanimpactonthefutureofthe gasmarkets.Mostgascompanieshaveadjustedtheirgas marketgrowth expectationsdownwardsafterthefirstcarbon marketexperience , duetothe competitionofgaswithcoalandnuclearforpowergeneration.However , if naturalgasisunabletotakealargershareinpowergeneration , itwillnotbe
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