3 68 China , theEUandLatinAmerica:CurrentIssuesandFutureCooperation morethanEuropesimprovements.Inotherwords , Europeseffortstoreduce greenhousegaseswillbeneutralisedbyChina.Thispointisreinforcedwhen takingintoaccounttheprojecteddemandgrowthofotheremergingeconomies — suchasIndia — and transition economies.Energy efficiency or conservation measuresinemergingeconomiesortransitioncountrieswouldbefar more beneficialbothforglobalenergysecurityandGHGreductionmeasures.Forthis reason , theEUpropagatesproactivecooperationwithkeythirdcountries.Its aim would beto develop a multilateralpartnershipforenergy efficiency involving , atfirst , membercountriesofthe OECD withapossiblefuture enlargementtootherpartners.Theagreementcouldincludevariousissueareas ofcooperation , suchasregulatorycooperation , informationexchangeonenergy savingstrategies , methodsofmeasurementandresearchcooperationonenergy efficiencytechnologies. 7.犃犱犪狆狋犪狋犻狅狀牶狋犺犲犆犪狊犲狅犳犈犾犲犮狋狉犻犮犻狋狔 TheelectricitysectorplaysacentralroleintheEuropeanUnionseffortsto achievegreenhousegas ( GHG ) reductionsofatleast20percentby2020 comparedto1990levels.Whiletheelectricitysectoriscurrentlyresponsiblefor aboutonethirdofEuropestotalenergyrelatedGHGemissions , thereisconsiderable potentialforreducingemissions.Mitigationstrategieswillneedtofocusnotonlyon moreefficientelectricityuse , butalsoonimprovedconversionratesand new technologies , suchasrenewablesandcarboncaptureandstorage ( CCS ) . Apartfromthemitigationofclimatechange , thesectorwillalsohavetoadaptto climatechangetoprovidesecureanduninterruptedservice ( foramoredetailedanalysis ofadaptationintheEuropeanelectricitysector , seeEskelandetal.2008 ) .Global warmingwillhaveasignificantimpactontheabilitytogenerateelectricityandto deliveritwithoutinterruption.Southerncountrieswillmostlikelybefacedwithless demandforheatingbutsubstantiallyincreaseddemandforairconditioning.Theymay alsoexperiencelossesinhydropowerandproblemswithcoolingofthermalpower plants.Northerncountrieswillequallyexperiencelessdemandforheatingandmay gainpotentialforelectricityproductionfromhydropower.Atthesametime , theymay havetoadapttomorestormsandheavyprecipitation.Inbothregions , electricitysupply disruptionsduetostorms , floodsandheat waves mayincreasetheneedfor more decentralisedelectricitygenerationinordertoavoidnegativeimpactsonelectricityusers. 8.犆狅狀犮犾狌狊犻狅狀 This chapter has shown thatclimate change policyin the context of ambitiousgreenhousegasreductiontargets maybebeneficialtosecurityof
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