3 80 China , theEUandLatinAmerica:CurrentIssuesandFutureCooperation of1degree , whileinthecountriesoftheNorth , evenathreedegreerisecould leadtogrowthinagriculturalproductionandenergysavingsinthe winter. ClimatechangecouldcausehungerintheLACregion , asgrainsarethemost susceptiblecrops ( mainlycorn , riceandcoffee ) inthisrespect.Forinstance , theIPCCpredictsa70percentdiminutionofthesecropsinBrazilandMexicoby 2050.Thesituationcouldturnouttobeevenmoreserious , however , asthe costs of water pumping will make the exploitation of water reserves unsustainableby2030. 4.犈犝犔犃犆犚犲犾犪狋犻狅狀狊狅狀犈狀犲狉犵狔犪狀犱犈狀狏犻狉狅狀犿犲狀狋犪犾犐狊狊狌犲狊 TheEU andthe LAC regionareengagedin dialogueonsustainable development.ItwasoneofthetopicsdiscussedattheEULACLimaSummit , in May2008 , togetherwithpovertyandsocialcohesion , andalsoatthe Madrid SummitinMay2010fromtheperspectiveoftechnologyandinnovation.Three topicsareofparticularimportancewithregardtosustainabledevelopment:the environment , climatechangeandenergy.Thisdialogueisintendedtoproducea globalenvironmentalandenergypact. Withregardtoenvironmentalandenergyissues , relationsbetweenLatin AmericaandtheEuropeanUnionarebasedonthefactthatLACisthesupplier andtheEU thecustomer.Inenergy markets , thisrelationshipendowsLAC withenormousadvantages:theEUisdependentonexternalenergyandtheLAC regionisautonomousinthatrespect ; the EU haslimitedcapacitiesfor agriculturalbiomassdevelopmentandLAChasenormouscapacityforenergy production , bothrenewableandfossil. IncontrasttotheLACregion , theEUdoeshaveacommonenergypolicy , anda 20 / 20 / 20Plan , aimedatreducinggreenhousegasesby20percentby2020in comparisonto1990levels , increasingrenewableenergyuseby20percentandreducing energyconsumptionby20percent.By2020 , biofuelsshouldrepresent10percentof totalfuelconsumptionintheEU.Toachievethis , alargeshareofbiomasswillbe importedfromtheSouth , especiallyfromLatinAmerica ( Fritz2008:4 ) . LACistheonlyWesternregioncapableofsupplyingitsownfirstgeneration biofuelneeds , whiletheEU — aswellastheUnitedStates — willfacesignificant shortandmediumtermproblemsinthisrespect ( CEPAL2008:21 ) .Inthis sense , theEUneedstheLACregiontomeetitsgoals. AccordingtoECLAC , in2005theEUwasalreadyusing60percentofthe landdedicatedtomajorcropsforbiodieselproduction , andwouldhavetotriple theareatomeetthe2020demand.TheEUsnonfoodcropcapacityisabout8.2 millionhectaresandasimilarquantityoflandislyingfallow , butforits2020
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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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