4 14 China , theEUandLatinAmerica:CurrentIssuesandFutureCooperation agreement. AsformerTradeCommissionerPeter Mandelsonsaid , theEU expects tangibleresultsintheform of marketaccess , enforcementofintellectual propertyrights ( IPR ), consumersafetyandsoon.Probablynoothercountry hasgainedmorefromglobalisationthanChina.Nationalstandardswhichdiffer significantlyfrominternationalonescausehighcompliancecostsanddelays. EasingaccesstotheChinesemarketisanobjectivetheEUshareswithkey developingoremergingcountries. Idonotsharetheworriessometimesexpressedaboutimpendingcatastrophe withregardtoclearlyshiftingcentresofgravityintheworldeconomy.Itakea moreoptimistic , cooperativeview.Apparently , inChinese , thesignfor “ crisis ” isalsothesignfor “ opportunity ” .Economicactivitiestosomeextentmoving awayfromEuropeandtheUSandevenLatinAmericashouldnotbeseenmerely asaonewayprocess.First , weretainlongacquiredtechnologicalcapabilities. Second , suchmovescanalsogenerateincomeforEuropeanenterprises , directly orthroughlicencefees.Third , generaldevelopmentandknowhowgeneratedin Asiaand Latin Americacreateconsiderable demandforcertain European industries , suchasrenewableenergytechnology , transportandsoforth , and providegroundsforresearch , whichcanbecomemorecooperative.Also , itis simplistictoseethegrowingChinesepresenceonbothEUandLatinAmerican marketsasathreat , mainlyduetocheaplabour.Itshouldbeseenasawakeup callforthose who havesofarfailedto elaborate nationalandregional developmentandreformstrategies.Chinahasapointinstressingthatitslow pricedexportproductscanbepurchasedbythepoorinLatinAmerican , butitis alsotruethattoallowthepoortobuyanythingtheyneedjobs , whichcanbe endangeredbysuchlowpriceimports.Ontheotherhand , forLACthereare risksofbeingstuckinthelowvaluerawmaterialexportcorner ( TheEconomist 2005:43 ; OECD2006 ; IABD2006 ; Buck2006 ; deFreitasBarbosa2007 ) . 1 Chinahasconfirmeditsinterestinprotectingintellectualpropertyrights ( IPR ) andincontrollingproductsafety.Theirresponsiblebehaviourofsome producersthreatensChinesecompaniesjustasmuchasanyothers.Underan agreementof2006 , theEUpassesoninformationaboutdangerousgoodstothe Chineseauthorities. We should welcomethefactthat , despite growing problems , cooperationhasimprovedrapidly.Suchcooperationcouldbeextended tootherpartners.Itshouldalsobeaddedthat , duetoitsrapiddevelopment , Chinaisalsobecomingthevictimofunfairorcriminalproductionelsewhere.In April2009 , forthefirsttimeaGermancourtprotectedaChinesefirmagainst counterfeitingbyaGermanfirm ( althoughitshouldalsobenotedthatitsowner
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