Economic Performance of Three Governments 1.9 International Rankings of Pakistan This last section of the chapter focuses on Pakistan’s ranking in key international indices. This highlights not only external perceptions of the country but also can act as a measure of the performance of different governments. Four indices have been selected as shown in Table 1.11. The first is the human development index of the UNDP. Pakistan has had a relatively low ranking, even among South Asian countries. Unfortunately, the ranking has continued to worsen from 2008 to 2022. Pakistan was ranked 125 th among 180 countries in 2008. It is ranked 161 st in the latest ranking and it has fallen from medium to low level of development. Table 1.11: Ranking of Pakistan in Different Indicators Years Human Global Competitiveness Corruption Development Ranking Perceptions Index Index Ranking(World Economic(Transparency (UNDP) Forum) International) CPIA Economic Management (World Bank) 2008 125 92 134 3.0 2013 146 112 127 2.8 2018 150 107 117 3.2 2020-2022 161 110 140 3.3 CPIA Fiscal Management (World Bank) 2.5 2.5 3.0 2.5 The next is the Global Competitiveness Index of countries prepared by the World Economic Forum. The path of ranking is somewhat cyclical. It deteriorated significantly from 2008 to 2013; improved somewhat from 2013 to 2018 and has then worsened once again. The third index is the Corruption Perceptions Index. The good news here is that Pakistan’s ranking improved substantially from 134 th in 2008 to 117 th in 2018. Unfortunately, it has fallen sharply to the 140 th position in 2020. The World Bank undertakes Country Policy and Institutional Assessment(CPIA) of countries in the performance of different functions and assigns a score from a low of 1 to a high of 6. Table 1.11 gives Pakistan’s score in the quality of economic management in different years. There is some fluctuation in the scores over the years. It fell somewhat during the PPP tenure. The highest score has been in 2020, which was the second year of the PTI government. This is perhaps a reflection of the stellar job of the Government in limiting the loss of lives and livelihood after the first COVID-19 attack. 17