Index of Freedom from‘Fear’ Chapter: 6 INDEX OF FREEDOM FROM‘FEAR’ This index has five group indices at the second level and 27 individual indices at the third level. The group and individual indices are described below. 6.1 Territorial Security This refers to the traditional indicator of security, which is the strength of the military establishment. This is measured by the level of defense spending, which corresponds to the expenditure on defense services, military pensions, and civil armed forces. The estimate is up to 2021-22. Two indicators have been used to measure the level of defense expenditure. The first is the level of defense spending as a percentage of the GDP, and the second is real defense expenditure per capita at 2005-06 prices. The trends in these two indicators are shown in Chart 6.1. Chart 6.1: Defence Spending as% of GDP* and Real Defence Expenditure per Capita *The GDP has been reestimated from 2015-16 onwards by the PBS with an upward adjustment in 2015­16 of 12.5%. However, there is no backward extrapolation. 35