Human Security in Pakistan The last indicator of access to education is the percentage of enrollment in government schools. According to the Academy of Educational Planning and Management(AEPAM), in 2020-21, the percentage of enrollment in government schools in Pakistan was 64 percent. This means that approximately two-thirds of students in Pakistan are enrolled in government schools, while the remaining one-third are enrolled in private schools. The trends in this indicator are shown in Table 7.7. It is worth mentioning that the quality of education in government schools is low. On the other hand, private schools often provide better facilities and have more qualified teachers, but they are expensive for many families to afford. Consequently, private schools are a major source of future inequality. Hence efforts should be made to further improve the quality of education in government schools. Overall, this indicator has shown improvement in the recent years. 7.8 Women The status of women in Pakistan has improved in the recent past, but they still face major challenges and inequity in many facets of their lives, including employment, education, and healthcare. The first indicator of the status of women is their primary school enrollment. According to WDI, the primary school enrollment rate for females in Pakistan was 62% in 2018 while for males it was 73% in the same year. However, the index value of this indicator has increased over time, as shown in Chart 7.9. Similarly, secondary school enrollment of females in Pakistan remains lower than that of males. Nevertheless, this indicator has also shown some progress in recent years. According to the World Bank, the literacy rate among females(age 15 and above) in Pakistan was 46% in 2019 as compared to 69% for males in the same year. The literacy rate among females has shown an upward trend over time, and index values are shown in Chart 7.10. Chart 7.9: Female School Enrollment, Primary and Secondary 62