The Major Findings Chart 12.2: List of Sub-Components Which Need Greater Focus • Environmental Protection and Natural Disasters • Education and Health • Regional Disparities • Food Security TOTAL 8 6 The next step is a comparison of the above list of components/sub-components with those identified as key focus areas in the National Security Policy of Pakistan for 2022-23, which has been described in Chapter 3. These priority areas are listed in Chart 12.2. There are significant differences in the priority list for improving HSI in Chart 12.2 with those given in Chart 12.3. Chart 12.3: Focus Areas for Improving Human Security in the National Security Policy, 2022-23 Launched: January 14, 2022 Components FREEDOM FROM‘FEAR’ • Health Hazards and Diseases• Improving Preventive Healthcare and Instituting Pandemic Surveillance and Response Mechanism • Environmental Protection and Natural Disasters • Mainstreaming Climate Adaptation and strengthening Disaster Preparedness • Response to Water Scarcity by Improved Storage Capacity, Sustainable Water Management and Transboundary Water Rights FREEDOM FROM‘WANT’ • Food Security• Ensuring Food Security by increasing Cultivable Land, adopting Climate Resilient Agriculture • Shelter and Employment• Promoting Rural Development and Decrease Urban Migration • Employment• Promoting Youth-Focused Policies to Promote Skills Development and Entrepreneurship FREEDOM FROM‘INEQUALITY’ • Gender Inequality• Enabling participation of Women and Transgender persons in all Avenues of Public Life and Maximizing their Inclusion in Pubic Institutions and Decision-Making Forums The biggest omission in the National Security Policy is External Financial Vulnerability, which currently poses the biggest threat to human security in Pakistan. Even when this policy was launched by the Prime Minister on the 14 th of January 2022, the external financial position had visibly deteriorated. The current account deficit had greatly worsened in the period from July to December 2021, when the policy was being prepared. It had risen to over$9 103