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Building universal and sustainable social protection mechanisms for informal economy workers in Zambia : social protection and Covid-19: impacts on informal economy workers in rural and urban Zambia
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agricultural products. This is weakening their agricultural power. This is because of inadequate agricultural relationships. 3.2.7: Physical Environmental Impacts This study has also established that Covid-19 has negatively impacted the physical environment in which some informal economy workers live and work. By physical environment, it refers to physical geographical surroundings in which some informal economy workers live and work. It is evident from the data that because Covid-19 has made many people to have serious economic challenges, many informal economy workers have taken charcoal burning as a copying mechanism. This is because the business of selling charcoal is still doing fine even amidst Covid-19 pandemic. This is because most of the people need charcoal for cooking. Charcoal is also seen to be more affordable to most people when compared to electricity which is described by the informants to be more expensive. However, charcoal burning is leading to deforestation. It is also described by some respondents as a health hazard both to the physical environment in which informal economy workers work and to the workers themselves. This is because charcoal burning is leading to pollution of the physical environment in which informal economy workers work and live. According to the informants, pollution is also leading to health problems among informal economy workers such as tuberculosis, stress, and sicknesses due to strenuous nature of charcoal burning. The verbatim below underscore the above impacts: Charcoal burning among our members has just started because of Covid -19. Since our members are not able to do their business, they have gone in charcoal burning. However, it is a very stressful job. For someone who never used to burn charcoal to start burning charcoal, it is very stressful to most of them. It takes almost one month in order for the charcoal to ready for sale cutting trees, preparing the kiln, burning it, removing charcoal. It is a mental torture, going into charcoal burning because you have no option. The challenge with charcoal burning is that it is leading to deforestation. There is no tree re-planting after cutting down the trees. It is also a very stressful job which needs a lot of energy. Smoke lead to heart diseases like heart attack. The above data can be interpreted using the concept of environmental relationships. That is, the data imply that Covid-19 has brought about negative relationships between local physical 70