Implementing the 18th Amendment Chapter 6: Implementing the 18 th Amendment The passage of the 18 th Amendment by the National Assembly in 2010 is a major milestone in the history of Constitution making in Pakistan. The primary objective of the 18 th Amendment was the strengthening of the Federation by the devolution of more functions and fiscal powers to sub-national levels of Government. Bringing the provision of services closer to the people was likely to increase accountability and link tax payments more closely to services received. This was likely to be a big step towards achieving greater ‘Unity in Diversity ’ in the country. 6.1. Design of the 18 th Amendment Chart 6.1: The Federal Legislative List-II S. No. FLL-II List 1. Railway 2. Mineral oil and natural gas declared the Federal law to be dangerously inflammable 3. Major ports, delimitation and constitution and power of port authorities therein 4. Development of Industries 5. Electricity 6. All Regulatory authorities established under a Federal law 7. National planning and national economic coordination including coordination of scientific and technical research 8. Supervision and management of public debt 9. Census 10. Extension of Police force jurisdiction to another province 11. Legal, medical, and other professions 12. Standards in institutions for higher education and research, scientific and technical institutions 13. Inter-Provincial matters and coordination One of the key areas of focus in the 18 th Amendment to the Constitution was on the Federal List of functions in the Federal Legislative List-I and the Concurrent List. In the latter list there was joint responsibility of both the Federal and Provincial Governments. The Concurrent List was withdrawn and replaced by the Federal Legislative List with much 51