Rightsizing the Federal Government 11.2. Employment Structure of the Federal Government The structure of the Federal Government can be categorized in three parts, namely, the Secretariat, Attached Departments and Autonomous Bodies. There is the wrong perception that the Secretariat is where there is the major share of employment. Table 11.3 clearly shows that this is not the case. Not only is the total employment large at close to 1 million but also the share of this employment in the Secretariat is only 2 percent. Table 11.3: Size of Employment in the Federal Government – 2019-20 Secretariat (Number of Filled Posts) BPS 1-16 BPS 17-22 10,850 2,372 Total 13,222 Attached Departments 521,024 22,583 543,607 Autonomous Bodies 326,143 63,154 389,297 Constitutional Bodies 6,727 1,526 8,253 TOTAL 864,744 89,635 954,379 Source: Establishment Division, GOP Estimated Share in Employees Cost(%) 2 52 45 1 100 The number and role of many attached departments and autonomous bodies remains largely hidden from public view. There are, for example, as many as 204 autonomous bodies with employment approaching 390,000. The total employment in attached departments is even larger at almost 544,000. 11.3. Budgetary Impact of SOEs Many of the institutions under the umbrella of the Federal Government can be characterized as State-owned Enterprises(SOEs). There are 85 Commercial SOEs of the Federal Government operating in Pakistan today. The sectoral distribution of these SOEs is concentrated in the four sectors of power, finance, and manufacturing and mining, transport and communications. The total value of assets is as much as Rs 20.7 trillion and the annual revenue is Rs 5.5 trillion, while the employment is almost 420,000. Units with large losses include the PIA, Railway, Zari Taraqiati Bank, Pakistan Steel Mills, and the Pakistan Post Office while these with large profits are the Oil and Gas Development Corporation, Pakistan Petroleum Ltd., National Bank of Pakistan, Pak-Arab Refinery and Pakistan State Oil. There is need to quantify the net financial impact of these SOEs on the Federal Budget. Ideally there should be a big net inflow of dividends and repayment of debt to the Government. Unfortunately, this is not the case and there is a need to strongly focus on the extent to which the situation can be improved. 117