In conclusion to this section it can be said that the profile of those leaving is the category of people with low level of education, unemployed and leaving Kosovo to secure economic benefit for them and for the family they leave behind who live in poverty. Although, participants own their property and some of them possess arable land, they have not been able to make use of it in order to escape the poverty line in 15 years, and therefore see no particular sign that this situation will be changed in the coming years and have thus lost hope that their situation is likely to improve. Majority of them have some kind of debt incurred prior to their decision to leave. Reasons of immigration The first issue to be examined was whether an earlier residence(both legal and illegal) in the EU member states has prompted an action of emigration. However, the study shows that the majority of participants has not resided in any Western country in the past: 77% has never lived in the west, while only 33% has lived, either legally or illegally in Western states. Of this 33%, 40% has resided illegally in the last 15 years, whereas 20% were refugees during the war and 10% were in the western countries for health reasons. B21. Have you been living outside Kosovo? B22. Where did you live? Germany 20%(2) 23%(10) Swizerland 40%(4) 77%(33) Yes No Other 30%(3) Refuses/ No answer 10%(1) Figure 6 Prior Emigration Experience and Destination IPKO –Impact of DTV study – September- 2014 Version 1.0 Dra 14