FINANCIAL RISK PROTECTION – HOW DO THE INFORMALLY EMPLOYED PAY FOR MEDICAL TREATMENT? Figure 3.4 Sources of financing medical care by gender 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 48.5% 40.8% 1.9% Male 47.1% 42.4% 2.1% Female 15.0% 27.5% 45.0% Male 9.9% 24.7% 52.7% Female Senegal Zambia 33.6% 28.6% 35.7% 32.1% 16.4% 25.1% Male Female Kenya 28.2% 24.5% 57.1% 56.9% 6.0% Male 8.8% Female Côte d’Ivoire No Costs Savings Sale of possession or taking loan(all forms) Note: No data available for Benin. 44.2% 38.9% 40.0% 33.9% 10.5% 19.1% Male Female Ethiopia Figure 3.5 Modes of payments for medical treatment by income classes 60% 40% 20% 0% 2.4% 53.3% 2.1% 37.1% No cost 19.0% 30.2% 4.9% 8.2% Senegal Less 0.5 MW Zambia Kenya 0.5 MW–1 MW Côte d’Ivoire >1 MW–2 MW 15.0% 9.4% Ethiopia >2 MW 80% 60% 40% 36.8% 20% 54.1% 21.0% Savings 40.0% 30.4% 44.2% 50.0% 59.6% 33.7% 52.9% 0% Senegal Zambia Kenya Côte d’Ivoire Less 0.5 MW 0.5 MW–1 MW>1 MW–2 MW Ethiopia >2 MW 100% 50% 52.6% 35.2% 11.8% Sale of assets or taking loan 20.0% 32.0% 18.6% 33.6% 23.3% 46.6% 34.1% 0% Senegal Zambia Kenya Côte d’Ivoire Ethiopia . Less 0.5 MW 0.5 MW–1 MW>1 MW–2 MW>2 MW Note: Income means household income; that is, the incomes of various household members are added together. Each of the four income groups refers to the statutory minimum wage(MW). For Ethiopia with no statutory minimum wage, the MW reference is 1,500 Birr. 23