Economic effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the informal economy: who has fallen into poverty? Figure 5.5 Differences between the new and old income-poor Share of employers in household Share of own-account workers in household Share of informal employees in household Share of family workers in household Share of females in household Household mean age 10–29 Household mean age 30–39 Household mean age 40–49 Household mean age 50–59 Household mean age>60 Female(household head) Work in agriculture(household head) Work in manufacturing(household head Work in trade/retail(household head) Work in service sector(household head) No education(household head) Primary education(household head) Secondary education(household head) University education(household head) Live in Addis Ababa Live in other urban area Live in rural area Ethiopia –20% –15% –10% –5% 0 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Share of employers in household Share of own-account workers in household Share of informal employees in household Share of family workers in household Share of females in household Household mean age 10–29 Household mean age 30–39 Household mean age 40–49 Household mean age 50–59 Household mean age>60 Female(household head) Work in agriculture(household head) Work in manufacturing(household head Work in trade/retail(household head) Work in service sector(household head) No education(household head) Primary education(household head) Secondary education(household head) University education(household head) Live in Abidjan Live in other urban area Live in rural area Côte d’Ivoire –20% –15% –10% –5% 0 5% 10% 15% 20% Note: The figure displays results from column 3 of Tables A1 and A2. It depicts the difference in means(filled circles) between those that have become income-poor due to the pandemic and those already income-poor before it. 95 per cent confidence intervals(horizontal line) are added for each of the indicators. 45