Outlined below are the results of our risk assessment for energy and carbon: Risks Impact Mitigation Hydrogen leakage and release into the atmosphere. Probability Impact Period of Influence Long-term Indirect global warming effect by extending the lifetime of other greenhouse gases(GHG), offsetting GHG emission reduction gains. • Application of high-integrity storage and transportation systems, leak detection technologies, and emergency response plans. • Adoption of hydrogen blends(up to 20% volume) instead of pure hydrogen to lessen leakage risks. • Implementation of monitoring and reporting systems for effectively tracking and measuring hydrogen leakage rates. • Conduction of research and development regarding hydrogen storage and transportation technologies. Hydrogen is not produced from additional renewable electricity. Probability Impact Period of Influence Long-term No reduction in GHG emissions; the impact is the same as if the green hydrogen were produced using already-planned or existing renewable electricity. • Usage of new-to-the-system renewable electricity for hydrogen production(established in less than 36 months). • Production of renewable electricity and hydrogen locally or in neighboring zones. Overheating of PV panels during summertime. Probability Impact Period of Influence Mid-term Air temperature increases around the PV solar system in specific areas reduces the electrical output of the module, influencing the microclimate of the site and generating a heat island effect. The overheating of the PV arrays can be avoided by passive cooling(e. g., through natural circulation cooling with air, water or phase-change materials). II. Water, Land and Biodiversity Overview- Water Along with electricity, water is a key input(during the water electrolysis step) when producing green hydrogen and PtX. To ensure sustainability in green hydrogen production, an analysis of water stress and conflicts, water availability and solutions is needed. In addition, the impacts of using water for this process on the surrounding ecosystem have to be considered. The regular supply of pure water for electrolysis is a main challenge, as 9 liters of high purity water is required to create 1 kg of hydrogen. 19