and-trade scheme for buildings and road transport and the introduction of greater flexibility on 2040 climate targets – outcomes which Athens had actively advocated for (Hellenic Republic Office of the Prime Minister 2025b). In a related move, Greece sided with the US in opposing the International Maritime Organisation’s Net-Zero Framework for shipping, putting it at odds with the EU position(Lloyd’s List 2025). Outlook In a recent restatement of national energy principles, the Minister for Environment and Energy, Stavros Papastavrou, listed investment in energy networks and infrastructure, new energy routes, the development of an electricity export market, and hydrocarbon development(Euro2day 2025), with no reference to climate targets. Taking their cue from policy-makers, several major Greek energy and infrastructure players have announced that they are shifting their business strategy away from renewables, which were the focus until recently, and towards fossil fuel investments. Others are looking outside Greece for growth opportunities in the RES space. In shifting the policy emphasis to natural gas extraction and infrastructure, Greece has not explicitly abandoned its green transition targets; however, areas that have already been suffering from poor implementation risk further deterioration simply by slipping further down the policy agenda. The coming elections in 2027 are unlikely to change the picture significantly, given that no opposition party or civil society movement has presented to date a fully-formed energy vision to challenge the status quo. This applies equally in respect to the vision articulated in the imperfectly implemented NECP or that created by the recent ad hoc policy manoeuvres. Without a spark to jump­start the Greek green transition, we can expect momentum to slow. References CCPI 2026 Climate Change Performance Index Country Profile: Greece https://ccpi. org/country/grc/ EEA 2025 Europe’s Environment 2025: Greece https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/eu ­rope-environment-2025/countries/greece ELTAEN 2025 HWEA Wind Statistics 2024 https://eletaen.gr/hwea-wind-statistics/ Energypress 2025 Tsafos: Natural gas to blame for electricity price hikes of recent years, not RES or the Energy Exchange(in Greek) https://energypress.gr/news/tsafos­fysiko-aerio-eythynetai-gia-tis-anatimiseis-ton-teleytaion-eton-ston-ilektrismo-ohi-oi European Commission 2025 Energy poverty indicators dashboard https://energy-pov ­erty.ec.europa.eu/epah-indicators EUROSTAT 2025 Renewable Energy Statistics https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statis ­tics-explained/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_statistics Euro2day 2025 Papastavrou: The four axes of energy policy(in Greek) https://www. euro2day.gr/news/economy/article/2329464/papastayroy-oi-tesseris-axones-ths-en ­ergeiakhs-pol.html EY 2024 Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index(RECAI) June 2024, 63 edi ­tion https://www.ey.com/content/dam/ey-unified-site/ey-com/en-gl/insights/ener ­gy-resources/documents/ey-gl-recai-63-report-06-2024.pdf Green Tank 2023 Trends in Greece’s fossil gas consumption& imports – March 2023 https://thegreentank.gr/en/2023/04/10/gaswatch-mar-en/. Green Tank 2025a Trends in electricity production – October 2025 https://thegreen ­tank.gr/en/2025/12/03/admie-oct25-en/ Green Tank 2025b Greece Is Off Track from NECP Goals – The Risks of Europe’s “Dual Compass” https://thegreentank.gr/en/2025/12/16/mononews-inter ­view-nm-en/ HELAPCO 2025 Greek PV Market statistics for 2024 https://helapco.gr/en/mar ­ket-statistics/ Hellenic Republic Ministry of Environment and Energy 2019 National Energy and Climate Plan(in Greek). Downloaded 3 December, 2019. Hellenic Republic Ministry of Environment and Energy 2024 National Energy and Climate Plan, Revised Edition(August 2024)(in Greek) https://ypen.gov.gr/energeia/ esek/ Hellenic Republic Office of the Prime Minister 2025a Article by Prime Minister Kyri ­akos Mitsotakis in the Financial Times(21 October 2025) https://www.primeminis ­ter.gr/en/2025/10/21/37208 Hellenic Republic Office of the Prime Minister 2025b Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitso ­takis’ Speech at the 6th Ministerial Meeting of the Partnership for Transatlantic En ­ergy Cooperation(P-TEC), at the Zappeion Megaron(7 November 2025) https:// www.primeminister.gr/en/2025/11/07/37305 Kathimerini 2025a RES attract 39.1% of RRF loans(in Greek) https://www.kathimer ­ini.gr/visual/infographics/563965252/se-ape-to-39-ton-daneion-toy-tameioy­anakampsis/ Kathimerini 2025b Mitsotakis calls on European Commission to move faster to re ­duce energy prices https://www.ekathimerini.com/economy/energy/1258584/mitso ­takis-calls-on-european-commission-to-move-faster-to-reduce-energy-prices/ Lloyd’s List 2025‘Furious’ officials consider legal action after Greece and Cyprus break EU unity at IMO https://www.lloydslist.com/LL1155198/Furious-officials-con ­sider-legal-action-after-Greece-and-Cyprus-break-EU-unity-at-IMO Nakou 2023 Energy without Russia. The case of Greece https://athens.fes.de/event/ new-publication-energy-without-russia-the-case-of-greece.html PV Magazine 2026 Greece struggling to connect grid-scale battery storage projects https://www.pv-magazine.com/2026/01/05/greece-struggling-to-con ­nect-grid-scale-battery-storage-projects/#:~:text=From%20ESS%20News,are%20 still%20awaiting%20grid%20connection. Is the Greek green transition running out of power? 5