11 About the authors Isabel Ortiz is Director of the Global Social Justice Program at the Initiative for Policy Dialogue at Columbia University. Sara Burke is a Senior Policy Analyst at the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung in New York. Mohamed Berrada is a Senior Economist and Independent Consultant. Hernán Saenz Cortés is a Senior Analyst on International Relations. About FES New York The office of Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung(FES) in New York serves as the liaison for FES offices worldwide with the United Nations(UN) in New York and the international financial institutions(International Monetary Fund and World Bank) in Washington, D.C. The office addresses peace, justice and economic issues, working closely with academia, civil society, multilateral institutions and their Member State governments to convene multi-stakeholder debates. The formats of our work include international conferences, expert workshops and high-level meetings involving government representatives, as well as published policy briefs and analytical studies. Our overarching mission is to bring a special focus to the perspectives of trade unions, women, and developing and emerging-market countries in an effort to forge consensus toward multilateral solutions to international and global challenges. About IPD Founded in July 2000 by Nobel Laureate Joseph Stiglitz, the Initiative for Policy Dialogue(IPD) stimulates a heterodox policy dialogue on major issues in international development. IPD is a global network of leading economists, political scientists, and premier academic and policy centers in the global South and North. We bring the issues of developing countries to academics and the fruits of academic research to policymakers. We promote more inclusive and pluralist discourse on the major global debates on economic and political development, in which countries often face a narrow set of policy prescriptions that may not fully suit their domestic preferences and capabilities. IPD helps countries analyze the complex policy trade-offs they face and provides them with access to a broader range of economic solutions that promote democratic, equitable and sustainable development. Cover photo: Adobe Stock(© tampatra) Imprint Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung New York Office 747 Third Avenue, Suite 34D New York, NY 10017, USA +1-212-687-0208 info@fesny.org www.fesny.org The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung(FES). Commercial use of all media published by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung is not permitted without the written consent of FES. Publication by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung may not be used for electioneering purposes.