Freedom from‘Inequality’ Chart 8.2: Cyclical Pattern of the Level of Poverty in Pakistan Box 8.3 highlights the likely jump in poverty in 2022 due to falling incomes, rising unemployment, and an unprecedented increase in food prices after the flood. 8.4 Gender Inequality Six indicators have been used to measure the level of and the trend in gender inequality in Pakistan, as shown in Table 8.4. these indicators show a gradual reduction in the level of gender inequality over the years. Table 8.4: Gender Inequality Ratio of Females to Males 2001-02 2005-06 2010-11 2015-16 1. Primary Education Index 0.416 0.593 0.731 0.690 2. Secondary Education Index 0.508 0.544 0.581 0.581 3. Literacy Rate Index 0.310 0.382 0.460 0.543 4. Labor Force Participation Rate Index 0.231 0.427 0.603 0.634 5. Unemployment Rate Index 0.372 0.714 0.700 0.677 6. Relative Wage Index 0.573 0.534 0.499 0.460 OVERALL INDEX 0.384 0.521 0.587 0.591 2017-18 0.740 0.621 0.565 0.539 0.754 0.380 0.584 2018-19 0.707 0.690 0.569 0.610 0.719 0.369 0.595 Latest Year 0.694 0.701 0.596 0.597 0.754 0.356 0.599 75