no project under study and added that the public system will not end but will be strengthened. Due to the economic emergency caused by the pandemic, two measures were taken: reducing or postponing the payment of contribu­tions and switching AFP affiliates to the public system, but both were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, thus everything returned to the start­ing point. More than two years have now passed since the president took office and he has not presented a reform bill yet, apparently for fear of the opposition in Congress. Therefore, he will miss a good opportunity to tackle the serious problems of the system, which will keep getting worse. 2. Peru This monograph and other studies(CPS, 2017; Altamirano et al., 2019; Freunderberg and Toscani, 2019; OECD, 2019b) have proven that the Peruvian pension system faces important problems that demand an appropriate and urgent solution: the EAP contributory coverage(21%) is the lowest among the nine private systems; contributory and non-contributory pensions cover less than 50% of the older-adult population(approximately half each); only the Dominican Republic and El Salvador have a lower coverage. The informal sector comprises 70% of the labor force, a proportion ranked among the top three in the region, and has no protection(only 0.3% of the self-employed workers are covered). The system is highly fragmented and lacks the slightest integration: there are two contributory pension agencies with no coordination (public system SNP and private system SPP) and the non-contributory pension is not connected with them; also, there are a dozen separate PAYG schemes that are expensive and experience financial-actuarial disequilibria. Both the contributory female coverage of the EAP and that of the older adult women are the lowest among the nine private systems and among the lowest in Latin America, and this is true also concerning the average contribution density. The average RR in the private system is 39%, lower than the minimum standard of 45% set by the ILO, but in the public system it is 47%. The non-contributory pension is low, only received by people living in extreme poverty and has not been adjusted to the cost of living, hence it has been devalued; 60% of the 160