Conslusions and Recommandations Conclusion Decentralization is a policy, a program designed to reform government as well as governance, which leads to new institutions of government and shifts of vertical power sharing with its proponents and opponents. 13 Economic underdevelopment of newly created municipalities, low level of investments and high rate of unemployment, limited budget, lack of infrastructure, lack of qualified human capacities, extreme politization of administrative capacities, further political demands by the Serbian community, insu cient development of political culture, institutionalization of the existing ethnic divide…are directly influencing the decentralization process. The majority of ethnic Albanians and Serbs conceive this process as a positive element toward social cohesion. Kosovars with Serbian ethnicity have expressed more doubts comparing to their Albanian compatriots that the process of decentralization has achieved to yield the expected positive results as proclaimed by the international community and Kosovar authorities, in the wake of the beginning of this process; Serbs have a bit more positive viewpoint comparing to Albanians in regards to e ectiveness in delivering the public services by newly created municipalities. There is di erence between citizens and o cials perceptions on service delivering by new municipalities, higher degree evaluation by o cials; Both ethnicities have common reflection in regards to whether the decentralization process has had any real e ects in terms of their security. Again, the Serbs claimed that they feel more secured when the decentralization laws took e ect(46%); The majority of interviewed think that the decentralization process has not made any substantial di erence in regards to improving the wellbeing of the citizens, but has contributed on employment, economic development, building infrastructure, have much independence on financial use; There is a di erence between the Albanian and Serbians respondents on the issue of creation of Association of Serbian Municipalities. Albanians(11%) and Serbs(65%) 13 Wolf Linder, Political Challenges of Decentralization, University of Bern, 2004. http://www.unifr.ch/federalismnetwork/assets/files/Resources%20ALUMNI%20 Website/Wolf%20Linder%20Decentralisation%20challenges.pdf