4.0 Conclusions The growth of smart mobility around the world and in India has offered many benefits while also posing several challenges. This sector of mobility offers great levels of accessibility, freedom, flexibility and of course, mobility; it has also disrupted conventional mobility services and added to safety, legal, and social equity challenges. As mentioned earlier, the focus of this paper is on'passen­ger' transport and not'goods' transport services. Transportation is a'social good' that allows members of society to benefit from mobility that it provides to access various services, opportunities for employment, educa­tion and so on, and to make living better for its users. However, much like all other social services, transporta­tion is often not equally or equitably distributed or accessible. Provision of these services by the public sector ensures that social equity and equality will be the riding goals of the providers, even though that also means the provision will be hampered by(often) lower financial and technical capacities of the public sector. Smart mobility is primarily driven by the private sector which is again driven by profit. Thus, smart mobility is expected to create socially inequitable conditions. India's smart mobility sector offers a variety of smart mobility services such as ride-hailing, ride-sharing, bike­sharing, electric vehicles sharing, and so on, although ride-hailing services remain the most popular. In India, particularly, growth of smart mobility services has been helped by the decreasing efficiency of public transport in many cities and increasing disposable incomes of people. Yet, there are several issues that need to be addressed. Cab-aggregator services started out as very appealing to their drivers, however, they have changed their business model which is not so attractive any more to drivers. At the same time, smart mobility providers/ cab­aggregators now have new rules to follow which were non-existent when they started off as these were new disruptive services with few rules/ laws that applied. Some of these rules are regarding carrying out back­ground checks of the drivers, running police verifications of them, conducting training programmes, behavioural training, etiquette, grooming and so on. Until recently, the legal framework was not adequate to regulate and 14 monitor app-based ride-hailing services. Although there seem to have been some positive developments, the issues are not completely resolved. The power to change the legal framework is distributed between the central and state governments and that can sometimes com­pound the problem, not solve it. Demographically, users of smart mobility services in India were found to be predominantly male, young(less than 45 years of age), well educated, and with good incomes. These findings match global trends. Hence, it does not come as surprising that smart services are inaccessible or not useful to low-income groups, the elderly, less educated, most women and digitally illiterate people. Lack of social equality is clearly an issue here. There have also been issues regarding women safety and neglection of geographical areas where services are not provided due to less demand, leading to social and geographical exclusion of people. An online survey of transport professionals working with and using smart mobility services revealed that they consider these services to be accessible, available, user­friendly. However, there is also no evidence to prove the environmental benefits of these services as it is not clear if car trips have reduced due to availability of these services. There has to be a modal shift from cars, not public transport, in order that environmental benefits accrue from smart mobility. The level of service has also reportedly gone down as it has become unpredictable, not very user-friendly, and unprofessional. Going forward, the gaps in the smart mobility system need to be filled. Most importantly, the gap between the public and private sector in the mobility sector needs to be bridged. Policies and legal frameworks need to be complete and comprehensive so that social equity is not compromised and that is not possible until the public sector has a complete insight into these privately run services. Data sharing, hence, becomes essential between the public and private sectors. We also need to gather more data on impacts of smart mobility services as currently there is limited data on how the environment, society and the economy are impacted by these services. There is speculation, but not enough evidence. Without this data, policy may not fit well or Smart mobility in India from an equity perspective